When infused, isotonic solutions expand both the intracellular fluid and extracellular fluid spaces, equally. Most IV fluids are isotonic, meaning, they have the same concentration of solutes as blood plasma. There are three types: isotonic, hypotonic, and hypertonic. They are categorized according to their relative tonicity in relation to plasma. Examples of volume expanders are dextran, human albumin, and plasma.Ĭrystalloid IV solutions contain small molecules that flow easily across semipermeable membranes. Are solutions used to increase the blood volume after a severe blood loss, or loss of plasma. Are used to counteract metabolic alkalosis. Are administered to treat metabolic acidosis. Examples of electrolyte solutions include 0.9 NaCl, Ringer’s Solution, and LRS. Contains varying amounts of cations and anions that are used to replace fluid and electrolytes for clients with continuing losses. Examples of nutrient solutions include D5W, D5NSS. Nutrient solutions are useful in preventing dehydration and ketosis. Water is supplied for fluid requirements and carbohydrate for calories and energy. May contain dextrose, glucose, and levulose to make up the carbohydrate component – and water. IV solutions can also be classified based on their purpose: Hypertonic solutions have greater concentration of solutes than plasma. Hypotonic solutions have lesser concentration of solutes than plasma. Isotonic IV solutions that have the same concentration of solutes as blood plasma. The most common way to categorize IV fluids is based on their tonicity: There are different types of IV fluids and different ways on how to classify them. IV fluid therapy is an efficient and effective way of supplying fluids directly into the intravascular fluid compartment, in replacing electrolyte losses, and in administering medications and blood products. Intravenous fluids (IV Fluids), also known as intravenous solutions, are supplemental fluids used in intravenous therapy to restore or maintain normal fluid volume and electrolyte balance when the oral route is not possible. Nursing Considerations for Colloid IV Solutions.Nursing Considerations for Hypertonic IV Fluids.Nursing Considerations for Hypotonic IV Solutions.Nursing Considerations for Isotonic IV Solutions.Lactated Ringer’s 5% Dextrose in Water (D5LRS).0.9% NaCl (Normal Saline Solution, NSS).
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